Search results for "fatty acid oxidation"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
A role for the peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase B enzyme in the control of PPARα-mediated upregulation of SREBP-2 target genes in the liver.: ThB …
2011
International audience; Peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase B (Thb) catalyzes the final step in the peroxisomal β-oxidation of straight-chain acyl-CoAs and is under the transcription control of the nuclear hormone receptor PPARα. PPARα binds to and is activated by the synthetic compound Wy14,643 (Wy). Here, we show that the magnitude of Wy-mediated induction of peroxisomal β-oxidation of radiolabeled (1-(14)C) palmitate was significantly reduced in mice deficient for Thb. In contrast, mitochondrial β-oxidation was unaltered in Thb(-/-) mice. Given that Wy-treatment induced Acox1 and MFP-1/-2 activity at a similar level in both genotypes, we concluded that the thiolase step alone was respons…
Effects of insulin deficiency on exercise-induced acute responses in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in mouse gastrocnemius muscles
2014
Insulin is a hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of the metabolism of all the main nutrients. Its main function is to stimulate glucose uptake and disposal or utilization by the cells and thus to decrease blood glucose concentration. However, it also inhibits breakdown of proteins and lipids and promotes their synthesis. Type 1 diabetes is a disease in which insulin secretion is impaired because of destruction of pancreatic β-cells. It is characterized by hyperglycemia and increased reliance on fat oxidation. This is seen also as altered gene expression patterns. The purpose of this study was to look into the effects of insulin deficiency on exercise-induced acute respons…
Neddylation inhibition ameliorates steatosis in NAFLD by boosting hepatic fatty acid oxidation via the DEPTOR-mTOR axis
2021
Objective Neddylation is a druggable and reversible ubiquitin-like post-translational modification upregulated in many diseases, including liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and more recently, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Herein, we propose to address the effects of neddylation inhibition and the underlying mechanisms in pre-clinical models of NAFLD. Methods Hepatic neddylation measured by immunohistochemical analysis and NEDD8 serum levels measured by ELISA assay were evaluated in NAFLD clinical and pre-clinical samples. The effects of neddylation inhibition by using a pharmacological small inhibitor, MLN4924, or molecular approaches were assessed in isolated mouse hep…
Similar relative decline in aerobic and anaerobic power with age with in elite endurance and power master athletes of both sexes
2019
Lower physical activity levels in old age are thought to contribute to the age-related decline in peak aerobic and anaerobic power. Master athletes maintain high levels of physical activity with advancing age and endurance or power training may influence the extent to which these physical functions decline with advancing age. To investigate, 37-90-year-old power (n=20, 45% female) and endurance (n=19, 58% female) master athletes were recruited. Maximal aerobic power was assessed when cycling two-legged (VO2 Peak2-leg ) and cycling one-legged (VO2 Peak1-leg ), while peak jumping (anaerobic) power was assessed by a countermovement jump. Men and women had a similar VO2 Peak2-leg (mL·kg-1 ·min-…
A Dose-Dependent Improvement in Exercise Tolerance in Patients With Stable Angina Treated With Mildronate: A Clinical Trial “MILSS I”
2011
Objective. To assess the efficacy of various doses of Mildronate in combination with standard therapy for the exercise tolerance of patients with stable angina pectoris. The primary efficacy variable was the change in exercise time in bicycle ergometry from the baseline to 12 weeks of treatment. The secondary endpoints were the changes in maximum achieved load and time to the onset of angina from the baseline to week 12. Material and Methods. A total of 512 patients with chronic coronary heart disease who had ischemia as the limiting factor in the exercise test from 72 study centers in 4 countries were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled phase 2 study.…
Substrate specificity overlap and interaction between Adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP/ABCD1) and Adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein (ALDRP/ABCD2)
2011
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene, which encodes a peroxisomal member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter subfamily D called ALDP. ALDP is supposed to function as a homodimer allowing the entry of CoA-esters of very-long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into the peroxisome, the unique site of their β-oxidation. ALDP deficiency can be corrected by overexpression of ALDRP, its closest homolog. However, the exact nature of the substrates transported by ALDRP and its relationships with ALDP still remain unclear. To gain insight into the function of ALDRP, we used cell models allowing the induction in a dose-dependent m…